The
story of Republican women's clubs begins many years before women even
had the right to vote. Inspired by the
Republican Platform of 1872, which said: "The Republican Party
is mindful of its obligation to the loyal women of America for their
noble devotion to the cause of Freedom ...,"
Republican
women’s clubs were off and running. In fact, the oldest such club
on record was founded in Salt Lake City in the late 1800s.
Hundreds
of independent Republican women’s clubs grew up around the nation
in the years to come. For example, there were 140 clubs in Indiana
alone by the late 1930s.
In
1938, Marion Martin, assistant chairman of the Republican National
Committee, called a meeting at the Palmer House in Chicago to organize these clubs into a national organization.
States
in which Republican women’s clubs were organized on a "statewide"
basis - with 60 percent of their counties organized - sent delegates
and alternates to that meeting with a request to affiliate with such
an organization.
The
delegates adopted rules governing the establishment of a National
Federation of Republican Women’s Clubs, with the following
purposes:
"to
foster and encourage loyalty to the Republican Party and the ideals
for which it stands - to promote education along political lines - to
encourage closer cooperation between independent groups and the
regular party organization, which are working for the same
objectives, namely sound government - to promote an interchange of
ideas and experiences of various clubs to the end that the policies
which have proven particularly effective in one state may be adopted
in another - and to encourage a national attitude and national
approach to the problems facing the Republican Party."
Eleven
states became the charter states of the NFRW - California, Colorado,
Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan,
Missouri, Montana, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
At
the age of 31, Joyce Arneill of Denver, Colo., was elected the first
president of the Federation, and the organization began to grow.
At
the time of the NFRW’s founding, three states - Maryland, Virginia,
and Alabama - had not even ratified the 19th Amendment to the U.S.
Constitution granting suffrage to women. The campaign of 1936 had
re-elected Franklin D. Roosevelt over Alf Landon with only two states
- Maine and Vermont - going Republican. There were only six
Republican governors, 89 Republicans in the U.S. House of
Representatives, and 16 in the Senate.
And
yet National Federation of Republican Women - born in a climate of
defeat - grew in size and strength, providing a vehicle for women
concerned with the direction of our government.
In
1940, the NFRW reported that, "Since the founding of the
Federation, there has been a steady and consistent progress."
Thirty-four states, as well as the District of Columbia, were
represented in the Federation through statewide federations and/or
individual clubs.
In
its earliest days, the Federation was a lobbying group. In 1940, the
NFRW enlisted the support of its members to urge their
representatives in Washington to hold free and open hearings and a
full investigation on the amendments to the Wagner Labor Relations
Act. They wrote their representatives during National Debt Week to
impress them with the fact that constituents were concerned about the
national debt. And on June 10, 1940, the NFRW President Joyce Arneill
sent a letter to all club presidents urging their help in keeping
Congress in session until the immediate crisis of the "foreign
situation" was past.
By
September 1, 1943, 23 statewide federations held membership in the
national organization, along with 98 individual clubs from 16 states.
Today,
the NFRW consists of approximately 100,000 members in 1,800 local
units in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the
Virgin Islands. The goals of those women who met in Chicago in 1938
continue to be the goals of the NFRW - to encourage women’s
participation in the governing of our nation, to elect Republicans to
office at all levels, and to promote public awareness of the issues
which shape America.
Thirty-two
national conventions have been held in cities across the nation, with
U.S. presidents and vice presidents, homemakers and first ladies,
cabinet members and celebrities attending. Presidential candidates
never miss these meetings. They know that many of those attending
will be delegates to the national party convention or will be
instrumental in the delegate selection process. They know that these
women are the Party’s grassroots activists.
Programs
such as NFRW’s Campaign Management Schools, Women Candidates
Seminars, and Polling Schools have trained literally thousands of
Republican women and men to help elect GOP candidates, and
communities throughout the nation have benefited from the volunteer
services of NFRW’s Caring for America program. Millions of American
women, ages 19 to 90, have helped shape our nation through wartime
and peace, through depression and prosperity, through good times and
bad - all through the National Federation of Republican Women.